Alliances, institutes and universities are often divided internally on the basis of the topics studied, and fundamental research is at pains to find its place. Such a place, however, is essential.
Fundamental and applied research should provide a transverse axis, cutting across applications. The representatives of this axis would cover randomness and determinism, theoretical and numerical aspects, and could be chosen through the learned societies. Thus, programmes linking institutes on MPE topics must be generalised. For this, inspiration must be sought from the LEFE/MANU at the INSU while at the same time associating it with the INSMI. Here, we put forward a number of proposals for institutes such as the CNRS, the universities and the Labex (Laboratory of excellence):